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Ibuprofen vs Aleve vs Tumeric vs Tylenol
Ibuprofen vs Aleve vs Tumeric vs Tylenol
Pharmacist Chris Compares.
Physical Therapy Video
Published on Jan 28, 2017
“Famous” Physical Therapists Bob Schrupp and Brad Heineck have Pharmacist Chris on their channel as a guest.
In this episode they discuss the differences and advantages of Ibuprofen vs Aleve vs Tumeric vs. Tylenol.
“Famous” Physical Therapists Bob Schrupp and Brad Heineck have Pharmacist Chris on their channel as a guest.
In this episode they discuss the differences and advantages of Ibuprofen vs Aleve vs Tumeric vs. Tylenol.
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Difference Between Aspirin, Acetaminophen, and Ibuprofen?
What is the Difference Between
Aspirin, Acetaminophen, and Ibuprofen?
Occam's Answers Published on Dec 7, 2017
This week learn about the difference between common over the counter pain relievers
This week learn about the difference between common over the counter pain relievers
Standing in the pain relief aisle of the pharmacy, you may have wondered how there came to be so many different brands offering so many different types of pain relief. Pain relievers, or analgesics, are sorted into three main categories. The largest category are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, including aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. These drugs reduce pain, inflammation, and fever, but as the name suggests, are not steroids, which have a very specific chemical structure. Acetaminophen, or paracetamol as it is known internationally, has no anti-inflammatory properties and therefore is not considered an NSAID. Finally, opioids, including codeine, morphine, and oxycodone, are very potent pain relievers with a high risk of addiction, and are therefore not available over the counter in the United States. Codeine, a relatively weak opioid, is available over the counter in some countries, generally in very small doses and combined with other pain relievers.
Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is the oldest of the modern over-the-counter pain relievers. It was developed in 1897 by chemists at Bayer, which is still one of the world’s leading producers of aspirin. Aspirin was developed as a safer alternative to salicylic acid, which in turn was isolated from the willow tree, a plant known for its pain relieving properties as early as ancient Sumer. While aspirin has been in widespread use since the early 1900s, it wasn’t until 1971 that Sir John Vane discovered how aspirin reduces pain, inflammation, and fever. Like all NSAIDs, aspirin works by stopping the two cyclooxygenase enzymes, COX-1 and COX-2 from producing prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are a group of several different hormones found throughout the body, which cause inflammation, pain, and fever as a natural response to injury or infection. Prostaglandins also play a role in regulating the female reproductive system and protecting the gastrointestinal tract, so while NSAIDs reduce pain, inflammation, and fever, they may also affect the menstrual cycle and cause stomach irritation and ulcers. Aspirin is unique in that it also stops the production of thromboxane, a substance which promotes blood clotting. Therefore, aspirin is the only NSAID that, taken regularly in low doses, can reduce the risk of a blood clot causing a heart attack or stroke. Aspirin is also the only NSAID that has been linked to Reye’s Syndrome, a serious liver disease that may occur in children during or after an infection. Therefore aspirin, and other salicylates like the antacid Pepto-Bismol and the oral treatment Bonjela, should not be given to children during a viral infection like the flu or chickenpox.
In an effort to find a safer alternative to aspirin, chemists began to develop other NSAIDs in the 1960s. The first and most popular of these was ibuprofen, first available over-the-counter in the early 1980s and currently marketed as Advil or Motrin in the United States. Another popular NSAID is naproxen, available over the counter as Aleve in the United States since the early 1990s. Different NSAIDs affect the two COX enzymes to differing degrees, and it is thought that those which target primarily the COX-2 enzyme have a lower risk of causing gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers. Unfortunately, while non-aspirin NSAIDs are safe for children and gentler on the stomach than aspirin, they also carry an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
Acetaminophen, the only modern non-NSAID pain reliever widely available over the counter, was first synthesized in the late 1800s. However, this discovery was largely ignored until two other non-NSAID pain relievers, phenacetin and acetanilide, were shown to have lethal side effects. In the search for a non-toxic alternative, Bernard Brodie and Julius Axelrod discovered that both phenacetin and acetanilide were changed into acetaminophen and other more dangerous compounds within the human body, but that acetaminophen by itself had no toxic properties. Acetaminophen was shown to be an effective pain reliever and fever reducer, and was marketed as Tylenol in the mid 1950s. The primary selling points of acetaminophen are that it carries no risk of causing gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers, unlike NSAIDs, and that it is safe for children, unlike aspirin. However, acetaminophen has no anti-inflammatory properties, and a relatively small overdose can cause severe liver damage. It is not yet fully understood why acetaminophen works to relieve pain and reduce fever, but it is thought to interact with the COX enzymes in a manner that is more complicated than the NSAID pain relievers..
Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is the oldest of the modern over-the-counter pain relievers. It was developed in 1897 by chemists at Bayer, which is still one of the world’s leading producers of aspirin. Aspirin was developed as a safer alternative to salicylic acid, which in turn was isolated from the willow tree, a plant known for its pain relieving properties as early as ancient Sumer. While aspirin has been in widespread use since the early 1900s, it wasn’t until 1971 that Sir John Vane discovered how aspirin reduces pain, inflammation, and fever. Like all NSAIDs, aspirin works by stopping the two cyclooxygenase enzymes, COX-1 and COX-2 from producing prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are a group of several different hormones found throughout the body, which cause inflammation, pain, and fever as a natural response to injury or infection. Prostaglandins also play a role in regulating the female reproductive system and protecting the gastrointestinal tract, so while NSAIDs reduce pain, inflammation, and fever, they may also affect the menstrual cycle and cause stomach irritation and ulcers. Aspirin is unique in that it also stops the production of thromboxane, a substance which promotes blood clotting. Therefore, aspirin is the only NSAID that, taken regularly in low doses, can reduce the risk of a blood clot causing a heart attack or stroke. Aspirin is also the only NSAID that has been linked to Reye’s Syndrome, a serious liver disease that may occur in children during or after an infection. Therefore aspirin, and other salicylates like the antacid Pepto-Bismol and the oral treatment Bonjela, should not be given to children during a viral infection like the flu or chickenpox.
Acetaminophen, the only modern non-NSAID pain reliever widely available over the counter, was first synthesized in the late 1800s. However, this discovery was largely ignored until two other non-NSAID pain relievers, phenacetin and acetanilide, were shown to have lethal side effects. In the search for a non-toxic alternative, Bernard Brodie and Julius Axelrod discovered that both phenacetin and acetanilide were changed into acetaminophen and other more dangerous compounds within the human body, but that acetaminophen by itself had no toxic properties. Acetaminophen was shown to be an effective pain reliever and fever reducer, and was marketed as Tylenol in the mid 1950s. The primary selling points of acetaminophen are that it carries no risk of causing gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers, unlike NSAIDs, and that it is safe for children, unlike aspirin. However, acetaminophen has no anti-inflammatory properties, and a relatively small overdose can cause severe liver damage. It is not yet fully understood why acetaminophen works to relieve pain and reduce fever, but it is thought to interact with the COX enzymes in a manner that is more complicated than the NSAID pain relievers..
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Tylenol, Advil or Aleve ??
Check out our cheat sheet for which pain reliever to use, and when.
Tylenol, Advil or Aleve:
Which over-the-counter pain reliever should I take?
August
28, 2015 Advil, aspirin, Dr. Jeffrey Steinbauer, Family and community
medicine, Healthcare, Houston, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,
over-the-counter pain reliever, Tylenol.
Not all over-the-counter pain relievers are created equally. When it comes to choosing an OTC pain reliever, Dr. Jeffrey Steinbauer,
professor of Family and Community Medicine at Baylor College of
Medicine, says you should read the label before reaching for the
medication for relief.
“Over-the-counter medications are often thought to be ‘safe’; but sometimes this isn’t true.,” said Steinbauer.
One of most common adverse medication events is overdose of acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol, he said.
“Acetaminophen was so ‘safe and effective’ that is made its way into
many different medications for pain, colds, flu, sinus, cough, and other
medications,” Steinbauer said. “As a result, patients can overdose on
acetaminophen without realizing they are taking so much of it. It’s
also dangerous because an overdose can cause liver failure.”
Other over-the-counter pain relievers can be dangerous too, especially if they interact with prescribed medications.
“The classic example is taking aspirin or other non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs if you are taking blood thinners,” he said. He
noted some sedating OTC medications can also interact with prescriptions
causing even more sedation.
Overall, if you have questions about the safety, dangers and interactions of over the counter medications, you can:
- Ask your pharmacist
- Ask your physician
- Check on the reliable health websites for information on safety and interactions
Steinbauer says if you are in doubt don’t risk taking something OTC that might make your illness worse or cause new problems.
Risks of Long-Term Tylenol Use
Risks of Long-Term Tylenol Use
Corroborated in Meta-Analysis
March 4, 2015 | 2 Minute Medicine
1.
This recent meta-analysis found a slightly increased cardiovascular,
renal, and gastrointestinal adverse outcomes with prolonged, chronic
acetaminophen (tylenol/paracematol) use.
2. While dose-response relationships were seemingly found in the included studies, dosage definitions varied, study populations were not generalizable, and prospective studies were limited.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study Rundown:
Acetaminophen (tylenol/paracetamol) is one of the most widely used
analgesic medications around the world, and while it is often considered
an over-the-counter medication, there are many risks associated with
its use. As recent studies have cast some doubt on the efficacy of
long-term acetaminophen use for chronic pain, a reassessment of the
benefits and risks of the prolonged acetaminophen use. This
meta-analysis compiled data from eight cohort studies, but was unable to
analyze outcomes due to the non-comparable nature of the studies
(different dosage definitions).
However, the included studies showed increased gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular adverse events when acetaminophen was taken chronically and for long periods of time.
However, the included studies showed increased gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular adverse events when acetaminophen was taken chronically and for long periods of time.
The need to assess the relative safety of drugs as ubiquitous as
acetaminophen is extremely important, but this study fell short of
contributing much evidence to the existing literature.
The inclusion of only eight cohort studies out of 1888 made it impossible to pool data, and the pre-meditated exclusion of RCTs, reportedly due to short follow-up times and homogeneous populations, is worrisome. Further, the studies that were included were often unable to compare acetaminophen to alternative analgesics, did not take into account adverse events due to the diseases the analgesics were prescribed for.
They also lacked generalizability as most of the studies followed nurses or male physicians. This study also reports that all research included had low to very low quality of data. In addition, systematic reviews of short-term RCTs showed similar dose-related toxicity to those reported by this study, again raising doubts as to why RCTs were not included in this meta-analysis.
It is clear that there are risks of prolonged acetaminophen use, but this study should not raise or lower clinician’s concern in prescribing or suggesting use of this medication any more than at present.
The inclusion of only eight cohort studies out of 1888 made it impossible to pool data, and the pre-meditated exclusion of RCTs, reportedly due to short follow-up times and homogeneous populations, is worrisome. Further, the studies that were included were often unable to compare acetaminophen to alternative analgesics, did not take into account adverse events due to the diseases the analgesics were prescribed for.
They also lacked generalizability as most of the studies followed nurses or male physicians. This study also reports that all research included had low to very low quality of data. In addition, systematic reviews of short-term RCTs showed similar dose-related toxicity to those reported by this study, again raising doubts as to why RCTs were not included in this meta-analysis.
It is clear that there are risks of prolonged acetaminophen use, but this study should not raise or lower clinician’s concern in prescribing or suggesting use of this medication any more than at present.
In-Depth [meta-analysis]: 8 out of 1888 studies were included in this meta-analysis, with inclusion/exclusion criteria influenced by recommendations made by the Meta-analysis Observational Studies in Epidemiology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. Inclusion criteria were for studies to be observational, non-RCT studies of patients >18 years of age who used acetaminophen at a standard therapeutic dose of 0.5-1g/4-6hrs and were compared against non-users.
All 8 studies were assessed for evidence quality using Grading and Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), and all studies had low to very low evidence quality and ultimately had varying definitions of paracetamol dosage. Two of the studies reported increased mortality with those taking the highest levels of acetaminophen compared to non-users. Four studies reported dose-response increases in adverse cardiovascular events, but significantly increased risk of these events were only found at the highest level of acetaminophen usage, which was defined differently for each study.
One study reported a dose-response relationship between acetaminophen and adverse gastrointestinal events. Four studies showed an impact of acetaminophen on renal function, with some studies showing a protective event of acetaminophen at low doses and some showing a detrimental effect of acetaminophen at high doses, estimated by measuring glomerular filtration rates.
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